Purpose
To demonstrate how frequency affects the pitch of sound.
Materials
- tap water
- 6 small-mouth bottles of comparable size
- metal spoon
Procedure
- Pour different amounts of water in each bottle.
- Gently tap each bottle with the metal spoon.
- Note the difference in the pitch produced.
Results
The bottle with the most water has the lowest pitch.
Why?
Sounds are made by vibrating objects. The number of times the object vibrates – moves back and forth – is called the frequency of the sounds. As the frequency increases, the pitch of the sound gets higher. Tapping on the bottle causes the bottle and its content to vibrate. As the height of the water column increases, the pitch of the sound gets lower.